Detailed Programme
09:15 - 09:30
Conference Registration
14:00 – 16:00
09:15 - 09:30
Stakeholders Meeting
16:00 – 17:30
09:15 - 09:30
Welcome Cocktail
18:00– 21:00
FIL | Rua do Bojador, Parque das Nações 1998-010 Lisbon (IRSC venue)
09:15 - 09:30
Conference Registration
08:30 – 09:00
09:15 - 09:30
Opening Ceremony
09:00 - 10:30
09:15 - 09:30
Coffee Break and E-Poster Presentation
10:30 – 11:00
09:15 - 09:30
Keynote Session
10:30 - 11:15
Mr. Song Xiude (Administrator of the National Railway Administration (NRA) of the People's Republic of China) - 170 years of the Portuguese Railway)
09:15 - 09:30
Lunch
12:30 – 14:00
09:15 - 09:30
Session 1 | Initial integrity & Change Management
14:00 – 15:30
Moderator: TBA
43 – How to Apply Risk Management Procedures to Manage all the Changes in the Maintenance Activities for Railway Vehicles by applying the European Common Safety Methods (EU) 402/2013?
- Author: Nathalie Duquenne
- Position and Entity: Project Officer, European Union Agency for Railways (ERA)
- Country: France
- Short Biography: Natahalie Duquenne is an engineer in industrial engineering and computer science. She worked for 11 years in the French Institute of Transport in railway domain, focusing on safety assessment of the railway transport system. She has been a Project Officer at the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) since 2007, working on accident investigation, the Common Safety Method (CSM) for risk evaluating and assessment. Since February 2012, she has been responsible for the implementation of the regulations concerning the certification of Entities in Charge of Maintenance (ECM) for railway vehicles.
41 – Maintenance-Optimized Safety Evaluation and Verification of Retrofitted Platform Screen Doors under High-Speed Train Aerodynamic Loads
- Author: Jinho Kim
- Position and Entity: Chief Researcher, Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI)
- Country: Republic of Korea
- Short Biography: Dr. Jinho Kim received his Ph.D. in structural dynamics from the University of California, Davis. His primary research interests include smart safety management and maintenance of railway infrastructure.
63 - New Railway Regulatory Approach: Whole-Process Oversight of Signalling Replacement Project
- Speaker: Azura CHOI
- Position and Entity: Electronics Engineer, Electrical and Mechanical Services Department, Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
- Country: Hong Kong, China
- Short Biography: Ir Azura CHOI is an Electronics Engineer in the Railways Branch of the Electrical and Mechanical Services Department (EMSD) of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. With over 10 years of professional experience, she focuses on railway signalling, innovation projects, and regulatory oversight of Mass Transit Railway (MTR) operations. Her work supports railway safety and the adoption of new technologies to enhance the safety, reliability, and resilience of Hong Kong’s railway network. Her key responsibilities include conducting technical reviews and risk-based inspections, as well as collaborating closely with railway operators. She also supports regulatory assessments of the MTR’s Asset Management System (AMS) and Safety Management System (SMS), contributing to continuous improvement in railway safety and operational performance.
09:15 - 09:30
Coffee Break and E-Poster Presentation
15:30– 16:00
Session 2 | Maintenance & Management of emergencies
16:00 – 17:30
Moderator: TBA
49 - Hot Axle Box and Wheel Detection Systems: From Safety Devices to Enablers of Condition-Based Maintenance
- Author: Joaquin Botella
- Position and Entity: Chief Technical Engineer Railways, Sener Mobility
- Country: Spain
- Short Biography: Joaquín Botella is Chief Technical Engineer in Railways at SENER, with nearly 40 years of experience in railway engineering across high-speed, conventional, metro, and light rail systems. He has led multidisciplinary teams and delivered integrated solutions across Europe, the Middle East, the Americas, and Asia. He is an active contributor to the International Union of Railways (UIC), participating in the development of several international handbooks on high-speed rail, regional and commuter services, and customer experience. He is currently involved in UIC initiatives on wayside condition monitoring systems, including Hot Axle Box Detectors (HABD), Hot Wheel Detectors (HWD), and Wheel Impact Load Detectors (WILD), and has authored over 25 papers at international conferences.
50 - Wheel Impact Load Detectors: From Safety Monitoring to Strategic Data Assets for Predictive Maintenance
- Author: Jose Manuel Cabral
- Position and Entity: Project Manager (Intelligent Transportation Systems) , Sener Mobility
- Country: Spain
- Short Biography: José Manuel Cabral is a Railway Systems Engineer and Project Director with over 18 years of international experience delivering complex railway, metro and light rail projects. He has led signalling, SCADA, control centre and telecommunications solutions for infrastructure managers, operators and OEMs, including ADIF, TMB, Banedanmark, UIC and FONATUR. His expertise covers interlockings, automatic level crossings, SIL3/SIL4 field elements, control centres and integrated system architectures. He holds an Industrial Engineering degree, a Master's in Project Management, and is PMP certified.
42 - Learning from Failure: Common Technical and Organisational Factors in Four Swedish Derailments
- Author: Mikael Hillbo
- Position and Entity: Senior Rail Safety Investigator, Swedish Accident Investigation Authority (SHK)
- Country: Sweden
- Short Biography: Born in Stockholm, Sweden. Mikael Hilbo graduated from technical high school and began repairing trains in the late 1980's and became a train driver in 1994. He subsequently worked on improving driver work environments, vehicle safety, fire safety and general railway safety. Since 2018, he has served as an investigator at the Swedish Accident Investigation Authority (SHK).
60 - Regulatory Approach to Rail Incident Management in Singapore
- Author: Heng Meng Choon, Jerry
- Position and Entity: Deputy Director, Rail Regulation, Kand Transport Authority (LTA)
- Country: Singapore
- Short Biography: Jerry Heng is the Deputy Director of the Rail Regulation division at Singapore’s Land Transport Authority), heading the division that regulates the rail operators. He has extensive experience in regulatory oversight for Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) and Light Rail Transit (LRT) systems. He leads incident investigations, safety audits, regulatory reviews, and operational affairs, and has been instrumental in establishing joint LTA-operator teams, commissioning new rail lines, and promoting safety culture.
64- From Fragmented Emergency Response to Integrated Decision-Making: Design, Implementation and Preliminary Validation of a Railway Emergency Information Management Initiative
- Author: José Pires
- Position and Entity: Safety Management System Manager, CP - Comboios de Portugal, EPE
- Country: Portugal
- Short Biography: José Pires is a Portuguese railway professional with 31 years of experience, having begun his career as a train driver before moving into operational management, safety railway, regulation and safety management systems (SMS). Between 2005 and 2015, he served as Technical Manager at European Rail Infrastructure Managers (EIM) in Brussels and International Union of Railways (UIC) in Paris, contributing to European operational rules, interoperability, and common safety frameworks. His primary focus is bridging operational reality, regulatory requirements, and safety culture.
113- Experience on the Assessment and Supervision of Relations between Infrastructure Managers and Contracted Infrastructure Managers
- Author: Chameat Lancereau
- Position and Entity: Head of the Infrastructure Division / Supervision Department of EPSF (NSA FR)
- Country: France
- Short Biography: With a specialized master’s degree in QHSE, Chameat joined the EPSF in 2014 as an inspector in the Infrastructure Division. She subsequently advanced to the position of chief inspector before being appointed head of the division responsible for supervising infrastructure operators. She has participated in numerous cross-functional projects, such as the RÉSYGESS project (evaluation of rail operators to contribute to the supervision strategy), which has enabled her to strengthen her expertise and her overall understanding of the challenges facing the EPSF.
Gala Dinner
18:30 – 22:00
Quinta da Pimenteira | Estr. Pimenteira, 1300-125 Lisbon
Honoured by the presence of Dr. Hugo Espírito Santo, Secretary of State for Infrastructure.
Transportation between the venue and the Gala Dinner location, as well as the return journey to the venue, will be provided free of charge for all registered participants.
09:15 - 09:30
Conference Registration
08:30 – 09:00
09:15 - 09:30
Session 3 | Resilience to extreme natural events
09:00 - 10:30
Moderator: TBA
6 - An innovative approachto incorporating cyber resilience into the railway sector.
- Author: Francisco Cabrera
- Position and Entity: Deputy Head of Operations & Safety, International Union of Railways (UIC)
- Country: France
- Short Biography: Francisco Cabrerais a Civil Engineer specialized in railway systems, currently serving as Deputy Head of Operations & Safety at International Union of Railways (UIC) in Paris. He has over 15 years of experience at ADIF, where he held key roles in infrastructure engineering, asset management, and strategic projects. His expertise spans technical, operational, and innovation domains, contributing to the advancement of safe, efficient, resilient and sustainable railway systems.
109 - Rail resilience to climate change- Impact of extreme weather events on the European rail system
- Author: Idriss Pagand
- Position and Entity: Project officer, European Union Agency for Railways (ERA)
- Country: European Union
- Short Biography: Idriss Pagand has served at ERA for 15 years, leading environmental and climate adaptation research programmes for the past 5 years, alongside guest lecturing at the Universities of Lyonand Lille.
- Speaker: Devid Ganz
- Position and Entity (Speaker): Project officer, European Union Agency for Railways (ERA)
- Country: European Union
- Short Biography (Speaker): Devid Ganz is a railway safety professional with over 15 years of experience in the rail sector. Holding bachelor’s degree in environmental and Workplace Prevention Techniques and master’s degree in public policies and administration, he worked as Safety Manager for a Railway Undertaking for more than ten years before joining the European Union Agency for Railways (ERA) in 2023. He currently works in ERA's Safety Certification Unit, managing the assessment and issuance of Single Safety Certificates for railway undertakings.
110 - A rail safety regulator’s response to the challenge of extreme weather events
- Author: Dr. Natalie Pelham
- Position and Entity: Chief Executive & National Rail Safety Regulator, Office of the National Rail Safety Regulator
- Country: Australia
- Short Biography: Dr. Natalie Pelham is a nationally recognised authority in safety regulation, policy and reform with more than 25 years in the public sector at both state and national levels. She is passionate about rail safety and is a strong advocate for safety improvement. Since being appointed Australia’s National Rail Safety Regulator in 2023, Natalie has positioned the Office of the National Rail Safety Regulator (ONRSR) to enhance its regulatory intelligence framework for risk-based regulation, expand its collaborative relationships with key stake holders and to be a sustainable regulator demonstrating that it is efficient and effective. This position strikes the right balanceto enable ONRSR to grow its positive influence on rail safety practices and outcomes across Australia.
09:15 - 09:30
Coffee Break and E-Poster Presentation
10:30 – 11:00
09:15 - 09:30
Session 4 | Front line workers
11:00 - 12:30
Moderator: TBA
26 - Using Driver Alertness and Attention Monitoring Technology to enhance Fatigue Risk Management for GB railway
- Author: Paul Leach
- Position and Entity: Head of Human Factors, Rail Safety and Standards Board (RSSB)
- Country: United Kingdom
- Short Biography: Paul Leach isHead of Human Factors at the RSSB, a Chartered Psychologist, and a Chartered Ergonomist. For over 20 years, he has applied human factors expertise across high reliability industries including rail, nuclear, oil & gas, energy, defence, and healthcare. He leads a team of 13 specialists covering ergonomics, competence management, safety culture, and front-line leadership.
102 - Leveraging Technology to Manage Railway Protection and Safety Zones in Thailand
- Author: Dr. Tayakorn Chandrangsu
- Position and Entity: Director of Safety and Maintenance Standards Division, Department of Rail Transport (Thailand)
- Country: Thailand
- Short Biography: Dr Tayakorn Chandrangsu is responsible for drafting Thai railway standards and regulations to elevate safety and service quality to international standards. He coordinates cross-agency railway R&D and policy initiatives, with special focus on level crossing safety, regulation, and asset technology.
E-Poster only
76 - Analysis of the Impactof Working Time Periods on Train Driver Human Errors by Railway Type in South Korea
- Author: Tae-Yoon Kim
- Position and Entity: Ph.D Candidate, Seoul National University of Science and Technology
- Country: Republic of Korea
- Short Biography: Tae-Yoon Kim holds a Master of PublicHealth (MPH) in Occupational Health and is currently a Ph.D. student in Safety Engineering. His primary research focuses on human error analysis and musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) prevention through ergonomics.
86 - Investigating Large-Scale Transport Disruptions: Root-Cause Analysis and Countermeasure Development Based on Workplace Realities develop countermeasures.
- Author: Makoto Kato
- Position and Entity: President, East Japan Railway Workers’ Union (JREU)
- Country: Japan
- Short Biography: Makoto Kato has served as a full-time union officer at the National Office of JREU since December 2002. His prior railway background includes roles at East Japan Railway Company as a Train Driver (1996–2002), Train Conductor (19951996), and Station Staff (1994–1996).
09:15 - 09:30
Lunch
12:30 – 14:00
09:15 - 09:30
Session 5 | Competence & Culture
14:00 – 15:30
Moderator: TBA
75 - Implementing a Driver Competency Inspection Programme to Strengthen SafetyCulture in Safety CriticalRailway Operations
- Author: David Assunção
- Position and Entity: Rail Fleet Maintenance Manager, Infraestruturas de Portugal, SA (IP)
- Country: Portugal
- Short Biography: David Gonçalves Marcos d’Assunção is Rail Fleet Maintenance Manager at Infraestruturas de Portugal, the national railway infrastructure manager. He specialises in maintenance development and safety-critical functions within the ECM framework, ensuring alignment with European railway safety regulations. His track record includes rolling-stock calibration systems, driver competency frameworks, and patented railway measurement technologies.
82 - Synergy and Collective Resilience
- Author: Zoe TSE
- Position and Entity: General Manager (Operations Safety & Quality), MTR Corporation Limited
- Country: Hong Kong
- Short Biography: Zoe Tse has over 25 years of experience in metro design, construction, operation, and maintenance. She currently leads MTR's integrated management systems in Hong Kong, applying condition-based monitoring, reliability-centred maintenance (RCM), and safety critical asset reviews. She is a Civil Engineer and a fellow of the UK Permanent Way Institution.
83 - Building a Proactive Safety Culture Through Technology and Workforce Partnership
- Author: Ngoh Peng Guan
- Position and Entity: Senior Vice President & Head of Group Safety, Security, Risk and Sustainability, SBS Transit Ltd
- Country: Singapore
- Short Biography: Ngoh Peng Guan brings over 31 yearsof public transport leadership experience, overseeing safety, security, risk, and sustainability across SBS Transit's multi-modal network. He holds a Bachelor of Engineering (Honours), a Master of Science in Transportation, and a Master of Business Adminsitration (MBA), and serves on Singapore’s Workplace Safety and Health Committee.
87 - Safety Culture in the European railway sector: key lessons from Peer Reviews (2022–2026)
- Author: Virginie Papillault
- Position and Entity: International Union of Railways (UIC)
- Country: France
- Short Biography: Virginie Papillault worked for 2 years at SNCF as an ergonomist, in the infrastructure and traction departments. She joined the UIC safety team in 2008 as a Human Factors expert. In 2014, she went to the UIC Security team to develop the Human and Organisational Factors (HOF) activities. Since 2021, she has been responsible for HOF & Safety Culture within the UIC Safety Unit. Together with the editorial team & the ERA, she developed the RAIL HOF digital platform and is also working on the impact of automation in railways and the related cultural changes. She has recently conducted several Safety Culture Peer Reviews in Europe and developed the Safety Culture Peer Review Handbook for UIC members; she will be coordinating future Peer Reviews in the rail sector. She has an Executive Specialised master’s in HOF in Industrial Safety Management" (ICSI) and a Masters in Ergonomic and Human Factors.
09:15 - 09:30
Coffee Break and E-Poster Presentation
15:30 – 16:00
09:15 - 09:30
Session 6 | Safety Management
16:00 – 17:30
Moderator: TBA
40 - Harmonised Common Safety Method for Risk Assessment
- Author: Francisco Cabrera
- Position and Entity: Depute Head of Operations and Safety, International Union of Railways (UIC)
- Country: France
- Short Biography: Francisco Cabrerais a Civil Engineer (MSc) from the Polytechnic University of Madrid. He began his career in 2007 with the Spanish Infrastructure Manager (ADIF) before joining the International Union of Railways (UIC) in 2023 as Deputy Head of Operations and Safety.
1 - Monitoring Working Time as a Railway Safety Tool: From Compliance to Proactive Risk Management
- Author: Marco Hörtenhuber-Stuhl
- Position and Entity: Technical Coordinator, European Transport Workers' Federation (ETF)
- Country: Austria
- Short Biography: Marco Hörtenhuber-Stuhl (BSc), studied Railway Infrastructure Engineering at USTP– St. Pölten University of Applied Sciences. He serves as the European train driver representative at ETF, is a member of the Train Driver Steering Committee, ETF Technical Coordinator, and an active locomotive driverat ÖBB (Austria).
47 - Building a solid SMS for Portugal’s ffirsthigh-speed rail line (AVAN’s case)
- Author: Filipe Gomes
- Position and Entity: Railway Systems & Safety Manager, Avan
- Country: Portugal
- Short Biography: Filipe Gomes holds a master’s in civil engineering (MEng) with Postgraduate qualifications in Railway Engineering and Project Management (PMQ). He has cross-functional experience across railway subsystems, developed in Portugal, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Brazil, with involvement spanning a substantial portion of the industry value chain.
09:15 - 09:30
Core Group Meeting and Dinner (meeting in IRSC Venue, followed by invitation only dinner)
18:30 – 22:00
Via Graça | R. Damasceno Monteiro 9B, 1170-108 Lisbon, Portugal
Please note that transportation from the Core Group meeting venue (IRSC venue) to the Core Group Dinner venue, and the return journey, will be the responsibility of each participant. No transportation will be provided by the organizers.
09:15 - 09:30
Conference Registration
08:30 – 09:00
09:15 - 09:30
Session 7 | Railway incursions
09:00 - 10:30
Moderator: TBA
12 - AI-Based Detection and Behaviour Analysis for Enhancing Railway Level Crossing Safety
- Authors: Isabelle Fonverne and Ramon Espuga Zaragoza Isabelle Fonverne
- Position and Entity: Senior Advisor Safety and Interoperability, ILCAD & TRESPAD Coordinator, UIC
- Country: France
- Short Biography: Isabelle Fonverne has managed safety and interoperability initiatives at UIC since 1992. She is the global coordinator for International Level Crossing Awareness Day (ILCAD) and Trespass Awareness Day (TRESPAD), currently spearheading AI-driven risk-mitigation projects on user behaviours at level crossings.
- Ramon Espuga Zaragoza
- Position and Entity: CTO of imotion Analytics
- Country: Spain
- Short Biography: Ramon Espuga Zaragoza is CTO and Co-founder of imotion Analytics, specializing in Artificial Intelligence and computer vision for real-time video analytics. He leads the company’s technology strategy and the development of AI solutions for mobility, transport and critical infrastructure. He will co-present works conducted within the project AI4SAFEBEHAVE, a UIC collaborative initiative exploring how AI-powered video analytics can detect and analyses human behavior to improvesafety at level crossings and near railway tracks.
27 - Survival Analysis for Risk Modelling at Railway Level Crossings: A Data-Driven Approach to Accident Prediction and Prevention
- Author: Damien Willet
- Position and Entity: Data scientistat EPSF (NSA FRance)
- Country: France
- Short Biography: Data Scientist specialising in risk control, statistical modelling, and algorithms at EPSF.
65 - Human-Centric Exploratory Analysis of Railway Suicides in Portugal: Towards Data-Driven Prevention Strategies
- Author: Guilherme Ribeiro
- Email: guilhermefbribeiro99@tecnico.ulisboa.pt
- Position and Entity: PhD Candidate, IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) - Universidade de Lisboa
- Country: Portugal
- Short Biography: Guilherme Ribeiro holds a Master’s degree in Mechanical Engineering from Instituto Superior Técnico (IST). His doctoral research, conducted jointly between IST-IDMEC and IMT-ANSF, investigates passenger stationflows, transport intermodality, and longitudinal analyses of railway trespass and suicide occurrences in Portugal.
09:15 - 09:30
Coffee Break and E-Poster Presentation
10:30 – 11:00
09:15 - 09:30
Session 8 | Innovation
11:00 - 12:30
Moderator: TBA
4 -New Model of Automated Safe Operation for Freight Stations and Railway Operation
- Author: Gongli Liu
- Position and Entity: Engineer at the Railway Transport Market Research Institute of the Market Monitoring and Evaluation Centerof National Railway Administration of the People's Republic of China (National Railway Administration Dangerous Goods Transport Research Center)
- Country: China
- Short Biography: Liu Gongli is a senior engineer with a bachelor's degree in Transportation Management from Changsha Railway Institute. He works at the Market Monitoring and Evaluation Center of National Railway Administration of the People’s Republic of China as a senior engineer and holds expert roles in the Railway Transportation Branch of China Railway Society, Railway Branchof Chinese Occupational Health Association, and is a reviewing expert for China Communications Press. He's also a visiting professor at Hunan Institute of Traffic Engineering. He's participated in compiling/reviewing group standards like New Energy Transformation of Rail Transit Diesel Locomotives and reviewed industrial standards such as Railway Train Arrival-Departure Operation. He co-authored two textbooks and chief-reviewed Introduction to Railway (ISBN:978-7-114-17338-7). All the three textbooks have won the Second Prize of National Excellent Textbook Award.
21 -Complementary safety system (IPSSM) installed on the IP railway vehicle fleet.
- Author: Marco Baldeiras
- Position and Entity: Director of Asset Management, Infraestruturas de Portugal (IP)
- Country: Portugal
- Short Biography: Director of Asset Management at Infraestruturas de Portugal, with a professional career that began in 1999 in railway infrastructure inspection and condition assessment. Over the years, I have worked in asset management, inspection, planning and decision support for railway and road infrastructures.
09:15 - 09:30
Lunch
12:30 – 14:00
09:15 - 09:30
IMT and NSA Presentation: Panel 170 years of the Portuguese Railway
14:00 - 15:30
115 - The resilience needed to implement needed resilience measures
- Author: Rui Velasco Martins
- Position and Entity: IMT Cabinet of the Board of Directors
- Country: Portugal
- Short Biography: Transport and mobility specialist with extensive experience in strategic planning and public policy, with a particular focus on rail. At Portugal’s Institute for Mobility and Transport (IMT), was part of the team that developed the Portuguese National Railway Plan, alongside work on sustainable and intelligent mobility, public transport policy, transport data and transport climate adaptation. With a professional background combines transport planning, territorial development, strategic analysis and international cooperation, including numerous representations as Portuguese Delegate at the European Commission and the United Nations. Master's degree in human Geography and Regional and Local Planning and post-graduation in Climate Change and Sustainable Development.
114 - Railway Military Mobility - Infrastructure, Cybersecurity and Innovation Challenges
- Author: Pedro Simões
- Position and Entity: Policy Officer for Military Mobility, Institute for Mobility and Transport (IMT)
- Country: Portugal
- Short Biography: Pedro Costa Simões holds a Master’s degree in Mechanical Engineering and has published articles on defence and innovation systems. A Senior Engineer with experience across both the public and private sectors, his professional background combines international experience with work in defence, mobility and transport, including experience within Portugal’s National Railway Safety Authority. A former officer in the Portuguese Army, he currently serves as Policy Officer for Military Mobility at Portugal’s Institute for Mobility and Transport (IMT).
NSA PT Presentation
- Author: Joana Coelho
- Position and Entity: Head of Department of NSA PT in IMT
- Short Biography: Joana Coelho is a Civil Engineer, specialised in Structural Engineering, with professional experience initially focused on the housing and construction sector. Since 2023, she has been working in the transport sector within the Portuguese railway safety authority. Throughout her railway career, she has been primarily involved in the authorisation of fixed installations and railway safety supervision activities, contributing to the assessment of infrastructure projects and compliance with national and European railway safety requirements. In May 2026, she assumed the leadership of the Portuguese National Safety Authority (NSA PT), operating within the Instituto da Mobilidade e dos Transportes (IMT). In this role, she oversees safety regulatory activities, supervision, authorisation processes, and the promotion of continuous improvement in railway safety across Portugal.
Panel 170 years of the Portuguese (TBC)
09:15 - 09:30
Coffee Break and E-Poster Presentation
15:30 – 16:00
09:15 - 09:30
Wrap-Up (special guest), Closing and Handover and CeremonyPodcast recording Sobrecarris
16:00 – 17:30
09:15 - 09:30
Farewell Cocktail
18:30 – 22:00
Ferroviário | Rua de Santa Apolónia 59, 1100-468 Lisbon
Please note that transportation from IRSC venue (IRSC venue) to the Farewell Cocktail, and the return journey, will be the responsibility of each participant.
No transportation will be provided by the organizers.


